An upgrade, in this context,refers to the process of moving from the SQL server version 2008 to the new version 2012.
There are two approaches when upgrading:
- In-Place: The SQL Server is upgraded where it is currently installed
- Migration: A a new environment is installed, the data is copied to it and configured with the existing data. The content from SQL server 2008 must be migrated to the 2012 supported formats.
The migration from SQL server 2008 to 2012 must be well prepared and tested before going to production.
I have to migrate several databases, the integration services (SSIS) packages, analisys services (SSAS) packages and reporting services (SSRS) reports.
Requirements
This article assumes you already know the SQL Server database engine, integration services, analisys services, reporting services and it's tools.Database administration knowledge is also important, like knowing what is a backup and a restore.
Some T-SQL knowledge is also assumed.
Databases
The database engine isn't a complete rewrite. This means that we can expect a deep compability level.There is an article on MSDN that explains the SQL Server Database Engine Backward Compatibility. You must read it here to ensure that you ate not using a feature that breaks the SQL 2012 compatibility.
After reading the article and fixing any issues, the upgrade of the databases can be implemented in the following steps:
- Create the databases and configure them on the SQL 2012 Server. If you
don't have any special requirements skip this step, since when you perform the restore
the databases are created automatically.
Nevertheless, it is a good practice to think of the architecture of your databases e configure them accordingly. - Backup the SQL Server 2008 databases and restored them in SQL 2012.
- Change each database compatibility level from 2008 to 2012. This action is important since it allows the usage of the new SQL Server 2012 features.
The following script can be useful you you have several databases to migrate:
USE [master]
GO
ALTER DATABASE [mydatabase] SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = 110
where [mydatabase] is the database to change the compatibility level
or goto the database properties and on the options select the Compatibility Level 110.
- Check the logical and physical integrity of all the objects in the upgraded databases:
DBCC CHECKDB([myDatabase]) WITH NO_INFOMSGS
where [mydatabase] is the database to run the integrity checks
NO_INFOMSGS option suppresses all informational messages.
If If DBCC printed any error messages you must fix them so that your database will work correctly.
Integration Services (SSIS)
In SQL Server 2012 the SSIS Package format changed and the specifications are now Open Source.The Business Intelligence Development Studio (BIDs) is replaced by the SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT).
SQL Server 2012 SSIS offers a wizard for upgrading most of the solution components, but a few settings may be needed to be changed manually.
The wizard appears when you open a SQL Server 2008 package on the SQL Server data tools.
Microsoft has a white Paper that gives you 5 Tips for a Smooth SSIS Upgrade to SQL Server 2012. You can read it here.
SSIS 2012 supports two deployment models:
- Package deployment model: In this model the the unit of deployment is the package. This is the model used in previous versions of SSIS and is the default deployment model for upgraded packages.
- Project deployment model: . The unit of deployment is the project for this model. This model is new in SQL Server 2012 and provides additional package deployment and management features such as parameters and the Integration Services catalog
The migration of the integration services (SSIS) packages
- Open the solution (sln) file with the packages to migrate
- The Visual Studio Conversion wizard appears. It is very simple and after a few next's pressed, the Package Management options appear.
- In the Package Management options select validate upgraded packages, so that the packages are validated and only the ones that pass validation are saved.
- Disable Ignore configurations, so that the configurations are validated during the upgrade process.
- The wizard ends the conversion and you can close it.
- Test each package and verify that it is working as expected.
If there is a conversion error by the wizard, when you open the package in Visual Studio it is immediately converted. This methodology allows that you can easly control the errors and correct them.
Analisys Services (SSAS)
The SSAS 2012 has a great deal of changes. The main new features are:
- Business Intelligence Semantic Model
- Tabular model
- PowerPivot for Excel and Sharepoint
- SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT)
- Programmability with support for the new features
- Use only the multidimensional model
- Convert to the tabular model
- Use the multidimensional model for existing cubes and use the tabular model for new developments
- Use the tabular model or the multidimensional model depending on the project requirements
The approach to keep the existing cubes in the multidimensional model is the one I selected, the main reasons are:
- The existing cubes can be migrated to the SSAS 2012 multidimensional model, without any modifications.
- The existing reports and client tools will work without any problems
- The model is more mature and supports much higher data volumes
- The team has knowledge of this model and can continue the development without any significant changes
In the future I pretend to explore the new models, but for now the mature multidimensional model is the best option.
The analysis services migration, with the selected approach, can be performed in the following simple steps :
- Open the solution (sln) file with the SSAS databases to migrate
- The Visual Studio Conversion wizard appears. The wizard doesn't have any options, so press Next and then Finish.
- Terminated the wizard and let it execute
- Deploy and process the SSAS database
- Test the SSAS database and confirm that everything is working as expected
- Errors in the back-end database access module. The provider 'SQLNCLI10.1' is not registered.
- The following system error occurred: Class not registered
This error hints that there is a problem with the Data Sources connection string.
When I tried to open a data source the in project and pressed the edit button to edit the connection string, I got the error:
"The specified provider is not supported. Please choose different provider in connection manager."
The SQL Server 2008 Native Client is not installed in the Sql Server 2012 server, so I changed the connection string provider to the native client 11.0 and the issue was fixed.
Another option, if strictly necessary, is to Download and install the SQL Server 2008 SQL Native Client or the SQL Server 2005 SQL Native Client, depending on the connection string provider you want to use.
After his issue was fixed the processing occurred correctly and smoothly.
Reporting services (SSRS)
The SQL Server 2012 Reporting Services (SSRS) has two processing modes:
1) SSRS 2012 report processor. A report that is successfully converted to SSRS 2012 format is executed in this mode and can use the new SSRS features.
2) Backward-compatibility mode processor. A report that cannot be converted to SSRS 2012 is processed in backward-compatibility mode and the new features are not available, but the report is still rendered.
You can find more information here.
This approach by Microsoft gives a high degree of compatibility and I don't expect to have any issues in the migration.
The reporting services migration steps are:
- Open the solution (sln) file with the reports to migrate
- The Visual Studio Conversion wizard appears. The wizard doesn't have any options, so press Next and then Finish.
- An information message may appear asking if you want to upgrade the report server project to the latest version. Press Yes
- Let the wizard execute.
- Open each data source and test the connection string. If there is an error fix it.
- Deploy the reports
- Test the reports and confirm that everything is working as expected
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